Stumbing into recession

An obsession with surpluses and satisfying the ratings agencies is going to have harsh consequences for Australians

The Committee for Economic Development Australia (CEDA) today released its 2012 Big Issues survey looking at the responses of 7000 business people on the issues confronting Australian industry in 2012.

One of the notable results is that business people don’t care about government surpluses. A third are neutral on the question “do you believe maintaining a government surplus is important” while 35% disagree that it is a high priority.

Q10

Yet despite the electorate and business saying the deficit is not a priority, the politicians still obsess about maintaining their surplus.

Now Australia’s mining boom has come to an end – along with the blue sky economic assumptions that underlie both sides of politics’ spending plans – governments are desperately trying to fudge the books and continue the pretense that their budgets are in the black.

Driving this obsession with avoiding deficits is the religious belief among Australia’s political classes that Triple – A credit ratings from the discredited Wall Street ratings agencies is more important than educating the nation’s children, caring for the country’s sick or building the infrastructure to compete in the 21st Century.

The real danger with this deficit obsession is that there is a very high possibility that state and Federal governments are going to tip Australia into a recession driven by European style austerity. Already we see this developing as various states start slipping backwards according to the ABS’ latest accounts.

graph courtesy of Macrobusiness

Another interesting result from the CEDA report is how business’ view the Australia in the Asian Century report with nearly 80% of respondents saying the issue is important or critical.

It is questionable whether Australian business is prepared to face the realities of an Asian Century as David Llewellyn-Smith writes at the Macro Business Blog, Australia’s businesses are looking more at getting help from the government to cut domestic costs rather than sell into Asia. That inward focus of Australian business since the mid-1990s is the topic for another blog post.

The sad thing is that the government aspects of Asian Century report is stillborn as surplus obsessed politicians carve into skills training and innovation programs in a vain attempt to balance the books while failing to reform the tax system or address the middle class welfare that’s squandered most of the returns from the last decade of prosperity.

Australia’s politicians are very soon going to have to decide who they govern on behalf of, the corrupt and incomptent ratings agencies or the people who vote for them and pay the taxes which support them and their political parties. For some, this might be a tough choice.

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Is Australia missing the Indonesian opportunity?

Mary Meeker’s state of the internet report emphasises the opportunities in South East Asian markets.

Mary Meeker’s annual State of the Internet Report looks at the trends driving the online economy. One area that should be of concern is that Australian entrepreneurs are overlooking one of the world’s biggest growth markets that is sitting right on the nation’s doorstep.

Early in Mary’s overview, on slides 5 and 7, she shows the growth of various markets. Indonesia is the second biggest growth market for internet users – 58% year on year to 55 million – and eighth in the world for smartphone growth with a 36% increase last year taking total users to 27 million.

Given the penetration of both smartphones and the internet are low with only one quarter of Indonesians connected to the internet and less than one mobile phone in ten currently being a smartphone, there is massive potential for the savvy entrepreneur.

While there’s a steady stream of stream of Australian app developers and entrepreneurs heading to Silicon Valley, London and a few to Singapore there’s very few looking to their biggest neighbour.

This ignoring of Indonesia is one of the many omissions in the Australia in the Asian Century report; despite being one of Australia’s closest neighbours with the world’s fourth largest population and an economy growing at over 6% per year, both businesses and governments tend to overlook the nation.

For Australia, the tragedy is that Indonesia has a lot offer businesses that do more than just dig up coal and iron ore.

Perhaps now the mining boom is over, entrepreneurs and governments might start to take markets like Indonesia, and other South East Asian countries more seriously. It’s an omission that’s currently costing the country dearly.

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Repelling the online break and enter merchants

Romanian crime gangs have broken into business systems in Australia and the US, how can you stop them from stealing your customers’ credit card data?

Last week’s bust of a gang of credit card thieves by the Australian Federal Police is a warning to businesses on the need to take computer security seriously.

In Australia a Romanian crime gang targeted small retail businesses’ computer system and stole customers’ credit card details. They would then use the data to create fake credit cards.

A year ago US Authorities broke up a similar gang who had targeted Subway computer franchises which netted the gang over $10 million before they were caught.

In both cases the gangs used remote access software that was included with their victim’s Point Of Sale (POS) equipment. Once logged into the target’s computers, the bad guys were able to install key logging and monitoring software so they could steal credit card details as they were entered into the system.

There’s a number of lessons in both the Australian and US experiences for big and small business on securing systems safely.

Use secure passwords

It’s almost boring to say this, but you need strong passwords for your systems and networks. Make sure you change all default passwords on the systems so they aren’t easily guessed or broken into.

Secure your systems

The Subway hack happened because of sloppy security, you can harden your systems by following good practices such as updating your systems, having malware protection and proper access policies.

Both the Australian and US incidents happened on Windows computers. The crooks were able to get into the computers and then install software because the victims were running in Administrator mode which allows anybody on the computer to control the system.

Daily use should be in limited user mode which stops people from installing software or changing system settings andAdministrator accounts should only be used for system maintenance and have very strong passwords which are different to the normal limited user profile.

Turn off remote access

Another common factor in the US and Australian incidents is the use of remote access software so technicians can check things and managers can login in from home and other sites.

Unless these are properly set up they are a serious security risk. Unless you or your supplier knows exactly what they are doing, these can open a door from the public Internet straight into your system.

Do not use them unless you are 100% confident in yours, or your suppliers’, ability to run these properly.

Comply with standards

Another factor in these incidents is that systems haven’t complied with the PCI-DSS security standards for card payments. Again if you don’t understand these – and they are complex – find a POS vendor or payments processor who does.

Basically, the standard requires that customers’ card details are not stored on your systems and that devices for processing payments are kept separate from other equipment in your shop or office. Following these basic rules would avoid many of the problems.

Consider cloud services

Many of the problems businesses confront with security is because they don’t have the skills or resources to deal with the ever evolving security threats.

Moving POS systems and other business critical functions onto cloud services addresses many of these issues so it is worthwhile considering ditching expensive, unreliable and sometimes insecure server or desktop based systems and move to cloud services that use tablet computers or smartphones.

Whichever choice you make, it’s important to be engaging suppliers and consultants you can trust because if your customers can’t trust you with their details, then you are out of business.

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Newly normal in the English Midlands

The new normal will be different to the old normal – is the English Midlands a vision of the future?

On their metal, a story from BBC Radio’s In Business program looked at how the English Midlands is dealing with the toughest economic conditions the beleaguered region has suffered for decades.

Once the centre of the industrial revolution, The Midlands have had a tough time of the last fifty years as the region caught the brunt of Britain’s de-industrialisation and the loss of thousands of engineering jobs.

Today, the surviving engineering companies are struggling to find new markets as orders from Europe dry up and many Midlands workers find they are confronting the ‘New Normal’.

The ‘New Normal’ for British industry is described by Mark Smith, Regional Chairman, Price Waterhouse Coopers Birmingham who points out that UK industries have to sell to the fast growing economies.

Interestingly this is similar, but very different in practice, to the Australian belief – where the Asian Century report sees Australia continuing being a price-taking quarry for Asia rather than selling much of real value – the Brits see some virtue in adding value to what they sell to Asia’s growing economies.

The British experience though shows the realities of the ‘New Normal’ for Western economies – the cafe owner featured in story now offers no dish over £3 and the idea of overpriced five quid tapas are long gone. The customers can’t afford it.

Part of this is because of the casualisation of the workforce as people find salaried jobs are no longer available and become freelancers or self-employed. One could argue this is the prime reason why unemployment hasn’t soared in the UK and US since the global financial crisis.

That ‘new normal’ features the precariat – the modern army of informal white and blue collar workers who have more in common with their grandparents who worked for day wages at the docks and factories in the 1930s than their parents who had safe, stable jobs through the 1950s and 60s.

For the precariat, the idea of sick leave, paid holidays or a stable career started to vanish after the 1970s oil shock and accelerated in the 1990s. The new normal is the old normal for them, there just happens to be more of them after the 2008 crash.

With a workforce increasingly working for casual wages without security of income, the 1980s consumerist business model built around ever increasing consumption starts to look damaged.

The same too applies to the banking industry which grew fat on providing the credit that unpinned the late 20th Century consumer binge.

When the 2008 financial crisis signalled the end of the 20th Century credit binge, the banks were caught out. Which is why governments had to step in to help the financial system rebuild its reserves.

The effects of that reserve building also affected businesses as bank credit dried up. Early in the BBC program Stuart Fell, the Chairman of Birmingham’s Metal Assemblies Ltd described how his bank decided to cut his line of credit from £800,000 to £300,000 which forced the management to find half a million pounds in a hurry.

That experience has been repeated across the world as banks have used their government support and easy money policies to recapitalise their damaged accounts rather than lend money to entrepreneurial customers to build businesses.

Businesses are now looking at other sources to find capital from organisations like the Black Country Reinvestment Society which is profiled in the story that raises money from local investors to provide small businesses with working capital.

Communities helping themselves and each other is the real ‘New Normal’ – waiting for the banks to lend money or hoping that surplus obsessed governments will save businesses or provide adequate safety will only end in disappointment as the real austerity of our era starts to be felt.

The New Normal is declining income for most people in the Western world and we need to think of how we can help our neighbours as most of us can be sure we’re going to need their help.

Just as the English Midlands lead the world into the industrial revolution, it may be that the region is giving us a view of what much of the Western world will be like for the next fifty years.

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What is an Internet company?

Does having a website make a company an internet business?

Deloitte’s 2012 fast 50 list of Australia’s fastest growing technology companies announced last week is an impressive list of diverse businesses ranging from online retailers to technology support firms, but it raises the question of what exactly is a ‘technology’ or ‘internet’ company.

A quick look at the top twenty illustrates how broad the “internet” category is, with eleven coming under the classification;

. 1 brandsExclusive (Australia) Pty Ltd 1335.1% Internet
. 2 Australian Renewable Fuels Ltd 1235.7% Life Sciences
. 3 SolveIT Software Pty Ltd 678.9% Software
. 4 Kogan Technologies Pty Ltd 515.6% Internet
. 5 Neon Stingray Pty Ltd 467.7% Internet
. 6 Infoready Pty Ltd 418.1% Software
. 7 SMS Central Australia Pty Ltd 371.6% Communications
. 8 Cohort Digital Pty Ltd 295.6% Internet
. 9 Redbubble Pty Ltd 275% Internet
. 10 astutepayroll.com 256.7% Software
. 11 SurfStitch Pty Ltd 252.7% Internet
. 12 BizCover Pty Ltd 249.9% Internet
. 13 Appen Holdings Pty Ltd 225.5% Communications
. 14 MyNetFone Pty Ltd 216.7% Communications
. 15 Appliances Online 206.2% Internet
. 16 Time Telecom Pty Ltd (Smart Business Telecom) 205.6% Communications
. 17 BigAir Group Ltd 202.2% Communications
. 18 Observatory Crest Australia Pty Ltd 198.1% Software
. 19 Tom Waterhouse Pty Ltd 196% Internet
. 20 Bulletproof Networks Pty Ltd 178.4% Internet

Included among those eleven ‘internet’ companies is the winner, Brands Direct, along with Redbubble, Appliances Online and Tom Waterhouse.

Tom Waterhouse is an online bookmaker, Appliances Online is a whitegoods retailer, Red Bubble is a design marketplace and Brands Direct is a fashion retailer.

While the internet is the core distribution channel for all of these companies, they are not ‘internet’ companies – they are retailers, marketplaces and bookmakers. The web is important, but it isn’t their business.

Calling them “internet companies” in many ways misses the point of just how ubiquitous the net has become to business operations. It also risks double counting as Appliances Online’s staff are counted both as retail and internet employees – something government agencies are notorious for.

We’d understand a lot more about the web’s reach if we didn’t label these fast growth businesses with the somewhat meaningless term of “internet companies”.

None of this detracts from the achievements of these businesses, their managers and proprietors. These companies are on track to being the leaders of the future.

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Australia in the Asian Century – Building the agriculture industry

How can Australia improve agricultural exports to Asia?

Before going into Chapter 8, the Australia in the Asian Century report has a detailed look at the agriculture industry. Which kicks off with National Objective number 19;

National objective 19. Australia’s agriculture and food production system will be globally competitive, with productive and sustainable agriculture and food businesses.

While this objective seems to have already been achieved, the bulk of the chapter does a good job of identifying the opportunity and challenges for the industry.

The examination of trade treaties, biosecurity and food security is a good overview of the industry however it does suffer from a rose coloured view of prospects and government programs.

Issues such as protectionism, genetically modified foods and the running sore of live cattle exports don’t get a mention.

Another aspect of this section is how the aspirations don’t match the actions of governments, for instance the industry capture of regulators – the case of defining free range eggs being a good example – is a real barrier to Australia selling quality produce internationally.

While the section does discuss ‘value adding’, the tenor of the section seems to be focused on bulk exports and really doesn’t identify industries such organics and free range which are an opportunity for the agricultural industry.

Overall though, this section at least does give a reasonably detailed snapshot of an industry and its a shame the paper doesn’t attempt to profile other sectors in the Australian economy.

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What business are newspapers in?

To understand the future of news, we need to define the business

The problems of The Guardian and other newspaper groups around the world raises the question of what business they are actually in – news or advertising?

“Going digital only is not an option” was an agenda item for a meeting of Guardian executives claims the Financial Times.

Digital only however is the option most of the readers are taking with the Guardian’s online channels attracting 9.5 million UK readers a month compared to a print circulation of 6.5 million. The Guardian’s total global online audience is 65 million, ten times the size of the print edition.

Making matters worse is the trend, according to the UK Audit Bureau of Circulations (ABC), newspaper sales are declining at 16% per year while online readership is growing 14%.

As the Guardian readership figures show, the number of readers isn’t the problem and the same is true for the New York Times or the Sydney Morning Herald. More people are reading these publications than ever before, but the advertising has gone elsewhere.

Essentially a newspaper was an advertising platform, the cover price barely covered the costs of printing and distribution while the classified and display advertising provided the “rivers of gold” that made the business so lucrative through most of the Twentieth Century.

Most of those rivers have been diverted as dedicated employment, real estate, travel and motoring websites have stolen much of the advertising revenue that sustained newspapers.

As classified advertising platforms, newspapers have reached their use by date and now they have to build a model that is more focused on online display advertising and getting readers to pay for content.

Getting readers to pay is difficult when the market has been trained to expect news for free or pennies a day, a problem not helped by some newspapers chasing online eyeballs with low quality content.

Equally difficult is training sales teams to sell digital advertising, too many sales teams have grown fat and complacent over decades of flogging lucrative and easy real estate print ads.

The challenge for newspaper managements around the world is figuring out how to get the advertisers onto their online platforms and providing a product which readers value and are prepared to pay for.

It may well be that The Guardian’s management are right, that print does have a role in the newspaper’s future but first they are going to have to define what their company is and what it does.

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